From the right time to use it to the effectiveness of beach umbrellas – science clarifies the truths about sunscreen and sun protection.
During the hot summer days, sunscreen is a must for most of us, but there are many myths surrounding it. Some are spread by wellness influencers, others by more official sources, and some have simply become part of common perception.
SPF does not indicate how long you can stay in the sun.
SPF 50 doesn't mean you can stay out 50 times longer without burning. It indicates the percentage of rays that penetrate the skin: SPF 25 lets in 4% of the rays, while SPF 50 only 2%. But these are laboratory tests with larger amounts of cream than people usually use. For this reason, experts recommend reapplying every two hours and after swimming or sweating.
UVA and UVB are both dangerous
It was once thought that only UVB caused skin cancer, but it is now known that UVA also damages cells and contributes to skin aging. For this reason, dermatologists recommend using a broad-spectrum sunscreen.
You can burn even on a cloudy day.
Thin clouds often do not block UV radiation, and can sometimes even increase it. Therefore, protection is necessary even when the sky is not clear.
Shadow is not always safe protection
A beach umbrella only provides minimal protection, equivalent to SPF 5. Trees with dense crowns can provide up to SPF 20, but still do not eliminate the risk. UV rays are also reflected by sand, water, concrete and glass.
You don't always need cream all year round.
When the UV index is below 2, as is the case in many places during winter, the risk is low. During these periods, sunscreen is not necessary for those staying indoors. But in the snow or mountains, where radiation increases significantly, it remains necessary.
Mineral creams are effective even without the white layer
Appearance does not affect effectiveness – they work by absorbing UV rays, not just reflecting them.
Sunscreen does not reduce vitamin D
Regular use of the cream does not lead to a vitamin D deficiency, as most people do not apply it in full amounts and the body still receives enough radiation to produce it.
The experts' message is clear: sun protection is not only related to the use of cream, but also to correct application, frequent reapplication, choosing the right shade, and care according to the UV index.
