From the end of November 1944, when he officially came to power, until his death in 1985, the communist dictator Enver Hoxha, wanting to resemble his idol, Joseph Visaranovic Stalin, and following his "path", from time to time undertook purges in the top leadership of the Albanian People's Party, which he had practically started in 1941, with Anastas Lula and Sadik Premta, continued with Koci Xoxe (and his group) in 1948-'49 and ended in 1981-'82, with the so-called "Hostile Group of Mehmet Shehu and Kadri Hazbiu". In this time interval of more than four decades, as is now known, he eliminated almost all the founders of the Albanian Communist Party, members of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Albanian People's Party and the main leaders of the so-called "Anti-fascist National Liberation War", so much so that from 1960 until the collapse of the communist regime in 1990, only Pilo Peristeri had escaped prison or exile, enjoying the privileges as a lifelong candidate of the Political Bureau and the function of director of the "Enver Hoxha" Autotractor Combine!
But, unlike what he had done until the beginning of the 1970s, where Enver Hoxha's "sword" had mainly fallen on the senior leadership of the AKP (Koci Xoxe, Kristo Themelko, Sotir Vullkanim Ramadan Çitaku, Tuk Jakova, Bedri Spahiu, Liri Gega, Gjin Marku, Koço Tashko, Liri Belishova, etc.), whom he had accused of "deviators of the Party line" and had condemned as "traitors and enemies of the people", in the mid-1970s, dictator Enver Hoxha began to attack several members of the Politburo, who also held ministerial positions, such as Abdyl Këllezi and Koço Theodhosi, accusing them of being "saboteurs" of the Socialist Economy!
And just as he had done with Beqir Balluku, Petrit Dume and Hito Çako, (who were sentenced to death and shot), where in order to prove their "hostile activity", Enver Hoxha sentenced to prison and exile a large group of senior officers, and with the so-called "Saboteur Group of the Economy", which in addition to Këllez and Theodhos, also included the two ministers Kiço Ngjela and Vasil Kati, several senior officials of the Trade sector, directors and well-known specialists, such as Andrea Manço, Ahmet Jegeni, Bardhyl Frashëri, etc., as well as of the Oil sector, such as; directors, engineers and well-known specialists, such as; Filip Nashi, Beqir Alija, Koço Plaku, Milto Gjikopulli, Protoko Murati, Dhimitër Stefa, Jani Konomi, Nuredin Skrapari, etc.
As we will see in the documents in question, the investigative process against the so-called "Hostile and saboteur group of the economy", which had been carried out by the Ministry of Interior and State Security, with fabricated accusations and false testimonies or obtained under torture, etc., was continued by the Supreme Court of the People's Republic of Albania headed by Aran Çela, "channeling" the accusations also from the "legal" side, to "confirm" what Enver Hoxha had said in the Plenums of the Central Committee of the Albanian People's Party, against Abdyl Këllez, Koço Theodhos, Kiço Ngjela, Vasil Kati, etc.
As for all of these, after the 1990s, much has been said and written about them, both by members of those "groups", their family members, etc., etc. Memorie.al has secured the archival documents of the Supreme Court of the People's Republic of Albania at that time and the former Presidium of the People's Assembly, where the "Hostile Group of the Economy", "Trade" and "Oil" were examined, which see the light of day for the first time, documents that we are publishing in several issues, along with the relevant photos and facsimiles.
In the first and second parts of this series of articles, we are publishing documents concerning the former director of Makinaimport, Andrea Manço, originally from the village of Boboshticë in Korça, whose brother Todo Manço, for years had served as chief engineer and director of the Bulqiza chrome mine, and also for several legislatures as a deputy of the People's Assembly, who when he passed away on November 6, 1974, was given a grand funeral ceremony, with homage in the center of the capital, where, in addition to Enver Hoxha, the entire senior leadership of the Albanian People's Party, headed by Prime Minister Mehmet Shehu, participated. While Todo Manço ("Hero of Socialist Labor") would receive all these honors, his brother, Andrea, nearly two years later, would be tortured in the cells of the State Security and sentenced to death by firing squad, as an "enemy of the people" and "agent of foreign agencies", and his grave has still not been found!
ACCOUNT-INCLUDE OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF ALBANIA AND DECISION ON THE DEATH SENTENCE, BY SHOOTING, OF THE DIRECTOR OF MACINA-IMPORT, ANDREA MANÇO
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF ALBANIA
HIGH COURT
No. 11. Founding Reg.
Decision No. 11
DECISION
IN THE NAME OF THE PEOPLE
The Supreme Court of the People's Republic of Albania, composed of:
Lumturi Resnja, Member of the Supreme Court
Mit'hat Goskova, Acting Judge of the Supreme Court
Fehmi Lagreta, Acting Judge of the Supreme Court
Assisted by Secretary Sadik Mema, with the participation of Prosecutor Edmond Sanxhaktari, today, on 20.5.1976, I examined in a closed court session, criminal case No. 11 concerning the defendant. By acting in this way, the defendant Andrea Manço was trying to realize his enemy's goals, to sabotage the economic construction of the country and to open the doors of this sector to imperialism and social imperialism, which would have the opportunity to introduce as many spies as possible into Albania.
The administration of evidence in the court session confirmed that this electronic calculator with a value of 500,000 dollars even today does not fully perform the function for which it was purchased, because it presents many technical defects. Giving explanations about this fact, the defendant Andrea Manço claimed that the electronic machine lacked several programs and a field station, which are necessary for complete geophysical studies.
With hostile and sabotaging intentions and in order to allow as many American agents as possible to enter Albania, the car purchase agreement did not stipulate the necessary condition that specialists with American citizenship are not allowed to enter Albania. This has led to the fact that, supposedly to fix the defects of the car, permitted by the company itself, they sent various "specialists" who added to its defects.
The American company, by concluding this deed-agreement, thought that it had now opened a door to freely introduce its agents into Albania. Thus, in a response to a request addressed to it by "Makina-import" to send specialists with Canadian citizenship to Albania to repair the car, it pressed that there were no specialists with such citizenship and therefore it was allegedly forced to send them with American citizenship. In this way, the deed-agreement deliberately does not specify the possibility of withdrawing spare parts, when this becomes necessary.
In this way, both for the specialists and for the spare parts of this machine, the American firm, with the hand of the traitor and saboteur Andrea Manço, has tried to dictate its conditions to us, according to which, either we are forced to accept American "specialists" (spies) or the defects become irreparable, or we are forced to accept that in order to receive spare parts, we must seek permission whenever necessary from the Department of State of the United States of America, or this electronic machine will cease to function and, according to them, there will be no studies in this important field of the economy.
Koto llogari ka bërë Departamenti i Shtetit dhe CIA e saj, së bashku me armikun Andrea Manço, kur lidhën këtë akt-marrëveshje. Por llogaritë e tyre ata i bën gabim, pasi ata nuk llogaritën forcën e Partisë sonë, zgjuarsinë dhe patriotizmin e popullit, të klasës tonë punëtore dhe të inteligjencës tonë popullore, për të çarë çdo bllokadë të armiqve, për të zbatuar deri në një porosinë e Partisë për ndërtimin e socializmit me forcat tona.
I pandehuri Andrea Manço, konsekuent në veprimtarinë e tij armiqësore, duke shfrytëzuar postin e drejtorit të “Makina-importit”, ka lejuar lidhjen e marrëveshjeve me firma të tjera Amerikane, si p.sh. “Ampeks”, “Welleylob Colorado Usa”, me të cilët është kontraktuar në një shumë 1.420.000 dollarë.
Në vijim të kësaj veprimtarie sabotuese, i pandehuri Andrea Monço, me ndihmën dhe nën ndikimin e drejtpërdrejt të tradhtarëve Kiço Ngjela e Koço Theodhosi, ka lejuar kontraktimin për blerjen e 18 makinave vet-shkarkuese “Dumper”, me një firmë angleze, për hidrocentralin e Fierzës. Duke mos llogaritur zvarritjen e zgjidhjes të këtij problemi, mënyra e lidhjes së kësaj marrëveshje i ka kushtuar ekonomisë tonë, 1.300.000 dollarë, pasi të 18 makinat vet-shkarkuese “Dumper”, kanë qenë me defekte serioze.
Për shkak të këtyre defekteve, ato mbetën për një kohë relativisht të gjatë pa u vënë në funksionim, duke penguar seriozisht punët në këtë hidrocentral. Veç kësaj me pretekstin e riparimit të tyre, i pandehuri ka lejuar ardhjen në Shqipëri të 27 “specialistëve” (spiunëve) anglezë. Këtë e vërteton fakti që edhe ato pak makina prej tyre, të vëna në përdorim u riparuan me forcat e specialistëve tonë. “Lidhur me këtë marrëveshje pohoj gjatë gjykimit i pandehuri Andrea Manço, unë i kam drejtuar një letër anonime qeverisë, dhe këtë veprim e kam quajtur sabotim. – Por, – vazhdon ai, sabotuesi jam unë”.
Drejtimi tjetër i sabotimit ekonomik të kryer nga i pandehuri, është shkelja e orientimit të dhënë nga Partia, sipas të cilit vendi i jonë ka zhvilluar dhe do të zhvillojë marrëdhënie tregtare me shtetet kapitaliste dhe revizioniste, në bazë të parimeve të bashkë-ekzistencës paqësore, të barazisë, të respektimit të sovranitetit dhe integritetit territorial dhe mos ndërhyrjes në punët e brendshme të njeri tjetrit dhe leverdisë reciproke.
Kështu i pandehuri Andrea Manço, në shtator të vitit 1974, ka lidhur një marrëveshje me firmën Çeke “Kerementall”, në të cilën parashikohej blerja nga ana e jonë e 60 copë automjeteve “Tatra”, kundrejt këmbimit me 24.550 ton krom. Lidhja e kësaj kontrate, me të drejtë ri eksporti për firmën Çeke “Karamentall”, i ka sjellë një dëm të rëndësishëm ekonomisë tonë popullore.
Provat e administruara në seancën gjyqësore dhe në veçanti pohimet e të pandehurit, vërtetuan se sasia e mësipërme e këtij kromi e dhënë mbi kufijtë e protokoll marrëveshjes së vitit 1974, me çmimin “Stop”. Është lejuar në një periudhë kur koniunktura e çmimeve të kromit në tregun botëror vinte duke u rritur. I pyetur rreth këtij fakti, dëshmitari Vasil Lato, deklaroi gjatë gjykimit se ai është thirrur për këtë problem nga armiku Kiço Ngjela, ish ministër i Tregtisë në atë periudhë.
“Në mbledhjen ku merrte pjese dhe i pandehuri, i cili është kontraktuesi i kësaj marrëveshje, – thotë dëshmitar Vasil Lato, – unë kam insistuar që ajo të mos lidhej, pasi në atë periudhë kromi kërkohej shumë në tregun botëror dhe çmimi i tij rritej çdo ditë. Lidhja e një marrëveshjeje të tillë nuk ishte me leverdi për ne. Kështu unë propozova që makinat “Tatra” të bliheshin me devizë të lirë. Mirëpo ky propozim nuk u pranua. Kështu që ne u detyruam të lidhnim një marrëveshje e cila, i ka sjellë ekonomisë tonë një dëm prej 833.000 dollarë”.
Duke qenë plotësisht i ndërgjegjshëm për veprën e tij sabotuese, ky i pandehur, nuk mori, asnjë masë për denoncimin e kësaj marrëveshjeje qoftë edhe pjesërisht edhe atëherë kur dukej qartë humbja që do ti shkaktonte ekonomisë tonë nga lidhja e kësaj kontrate. Në vazhdim të veprimtarisë armiqësore, në vitin 1973, me aprovimin e të pandehurit, është lidhur një marrëveshje me firmën rumune “Uzina Eksport Import”, për blerjen e një drage me vleftë 2.003.000 rubla, nga të cilat 83.000 rubla 20 të paguheshin me devizë, të lirë, kurse diferenca prej 2.000.000, do të paguhej me rubla të transferueshme (rubla të lira).
Në këtë marrëveshje i pandehuri ka synuar të futë vendin tonë në zonën e “rublës së lirë”, e cila e ka qendrën në bankën ndërkombëtare të KNER-it në Moskë, dhe në këtë mënyrë sipas tij, vendi jonë bëhej zyrtarisht anëtar i kësaj organizate kapitalisto-revizioniste, të cilën Partia dhe shteti jonë, e kanë denoncuar dhe demaskuar prej kohësh, si një organizatë me karakter skllavërues.
Veç sa sipër, i pandehuri Andrea Manço, në kundërshtim flagrant me orientimet e Partisë tonë, po me qëllim sabotimi, për periudhën 1971-1975, ka rritur në mënyrë të ndjeshme kontraktimet me vendet kapitaliste – revizioniste, në mënyrë të veçantë me Jugosllavinë titiste dhe i ka ulur ato në mënyrë të konsiderueshme me R.P. të Kinës. Në këtë mënyrë, ai synonte të krijonte terren për depërtimin e ekonomisë kapitaliste në Shqipëri dhe për të dobësuar marrëdhëniet me Republikën Popullore të Kinës.
Këto fakte, të pohuara plotësisht prej të pandehurit dhe të vërtetuara me dëshmitarë dhe me një sërë dokumentesh, provojnë se Andrea Manço, duke shfrytëzuar pozitën e tij si drejtor i “Makina-importit” në sektorin e Tregtisë së Jashtme, ka konsumuar figurën e krimit të sabotimit, parashikuar nga neni 72 të Kodit Penal.
Consistent in his hostile activity, the defendant Andrea Manço has spewed bile against the political, economic and ideological line of our Party, and against its main Leader. From the evidence administered, it was proven that the defendant in February 1975, wrote several anonymous letters to the leaders of the Party and our state, with deeply hostile content.
In these letters he speaks with hatred towards the Party and its Leader, accuses and slanders him as a counter-revolutionary. He speaks out against the political line and revolutionary measures taken by the Party against conspirators and other enemies, whom he also takes under his protection. The defendant Andrea Manço has developed a wide hostile activity, with the aim of overthrowing and undermining the popular power, wanting to make as many elements dissatisfied as possible.
Thus, he has spoken with various people, such as Bardhyl Frashëri, Filip Nasho, Vasil Katin and others, against the political and economic line followed by our Party, commenting with them; the "superiority" of revisionist and capitalist countries, has praised the Yugoslav system of economic self-administration, trying with his sabotaging actions to implement it in our country as well and has propagated that in these countries there is "freedom of thought and action", that there can be more "fun", while according to him in our country, there is backwardness, lack of freedom, thought and that this situation must be changed.
Asked about this accusation in the court session, he stated, among other things, that; “I liked such a social and state system, where many political parties rule, to be more liberal and to have more fun.” Starting from these hostile concepts of a bourgeois liberal, which our Party has strongly attacked at the 4th plenum of the Party Central Committee, the defendant has propagated the bourgeois-revisionist way of life, a way of life, which he had long made his own.
With his arrogance and arrogance, characteristic of conspirators and enemies of the Party and the state, condemned at the 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th plenums of the Central Committee of the Party, he tried to turn the enterprise where he worked into a capitalist self-administration enterprise, tried to extinguish the class struggle in the Foreign Trade sector, and undermine the leading role of the Party's basic organization. He violated all the Party's norms in cadre politics, gathering around himself people with dubious personalities. Memorie.al
